Since a drive shaft spins at full engine speed in high gear, it must be straight and perfectly. Design and analysis of composite drive shaft for automotive. Drive axle 14 driveshaft 14 final drive fourwheel drive 4wd 16 frontwheel drive fwd gear ratio 7 half shaft helical gear 5 horsepower 3 hypoid gear 6 manual transmission 8 overdrive 7 pinion gear 8 pitch diameter 4 planet carrier 11 planetary gear set 11 power transfer unit 16 rearwheel drive rwd ring gear 11 spiral bevel. Fatigue design should follow aashto 2 and shigley and mischke 8. Design and optimization of drive shaft with composite materials. Design guidelines for drive shaft installation angle. The design of the composite drive shaft is divided into two main sections. Compare combined stresses to suitable allowable stresses. The modeling of the drive shaft assembly was done using solidworks software. However, shaft with other cross sections find special application. Drive shaft construction can be made of steel, aluminum, or composite material hollow shaft may have cardboard liner to reduce noise has a yoke welded to each end universal joints are used at each end may have balance weights attached.
The length of the drive shaft must also be capable. Design and optimization of drive shaft with composite. Shaft shown drives a gear set that is transmitting 5 hp at 1750 rpm. This cuts the length of each shaft to avoiddrive line vibration.
Chapter 11 drive lines, differentials, drive axles, and. The drives shaft must also operate through constantly changing the angles between the transmission, the differential and the axels. Function description of drive shaft the drive shaft is the mechanical connection between motordrive and on. The typical shaft layout is a stepped element with a circular crosssection, with a wider crosssection at the centre so that several elements can be mounted on it at its ends, which results in a greater section modulus at the central area where flexion causes greater loads. Shaft design based on strengthshaft design based on strength ai l t ti axial stress continue. First, the design of the composite shaft and second, the design of its coupling. Design, analysis and optimization in automobile drive shaft. Intermediate bearings can be utilized to provide support and minimize the shaft diameter.
Description the main requirements for the shaft material were. Design and analysis of drive shaft by using hybrid. Pdf on aug 25, 2016, muni kishore and others published design and analysis of drive shaft of an automobile find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The drive shaft outer diameter should not exceed 100 mm due to space the torque transmission capability of the drive shaft is taken as 151 n. July 1984 design of powertransmitting shafts stuart h. Find bending moments from gears, pulleys, or sprockets that are transmitting loads to or from other devices. It provides an axis of rotation for a variety of mechanical components. Torque conditions, connection considerations and, manufacturers options. For the design of shafts made of metals with low ductility or fracture toughness, it is customary to apply theoretical stress concentration. The shaft must be designed to have enough torsional strength to carry the torque without failure. Shaft design objectives compute forces acting on shafts from gears, pulleys, and sprockets. The first application of a composite drive shaft to an automotive was the one developed by spicer ujoint divisions of dana corporation for the ford econoline van models in 1985 rastogi 2004. Shaft design pdf pto shaft bearings elevator shaft propeller shaft runner and shaft fit tolerances runner shaft clearance 62877 brake shaft crank shaft motor assembly briggs 5hp horizontal shaft engine craftsman weedwacker drive shaft t200d two shaft gas turbine unit elect 2011 ford f150 lariat cv shaft guidelines on safety of lift shaft works briggs and stratton horizontal shaft castiron.
Shafts and axles carry heavy loads, sometimes rotating at incredible speed. Determine torque in shafts from gears, pulleys, sprockets, clutches, and couplings. Mechanical power transmission hub design hubs are used to transmit mechanical power from a drive motor by coupling it to an output device such as a wheel or an arm. In order to design the drive shaft, three conditions can be considered. Design stresses in shafts august 15, 2007 23 find the torsion in the shaft. Shaft materials, shaft layout, torque transmission, calculating static stresses, dynamic stresses and fatigue, determining critical stress locations, deflection, critical speed a shaft is a mechanical part that normally has a circular crosssection.
The minimum clearance between reinforcing bars shall be 17. Obviously, you cant expect any old piece of rod to work. To calculate the shaft angle,in thehorizontal planes, at the bearing centres points 1 and 8. Shaft design procedure because of the simultaneous occurrence of torsional shear and normal stresses due to bending, the stress analysis of a shaft virtually always involves the use of a combined stress approach. The drive shaft, also called a propeller shaft, is commonly a hollow steel tube with yokes welded on the end. Numerous studies have been carried out to investigate the optimal design and analysis of composite drive shafts with different materials and layers orientation.
In automobiles the drive shaft is used for the transmission of motion. Drilled shafts design and construction slide 3 of 51 concrete mix design considerations massdot lrfd design manual 2009 section 3. This cuts the length of each shaft to avoid drive line vibration. Chapter 11 drive lines, differentials, drive axles, and power. A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section, which is used to transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine which produces power to a machine which absorbs power.
Some parameters such as critical speed, static torque, fiber orientation and adhesive joints were studied. We will discuss the design concept of a drive shaft subjected to. A shaft has to be designed to meet the stringent design requirements for automotives. Design and analysis of drive shaft for heavy duty truck. To minimize both deflections and stresses, the shaft length should be kept as short as possible and any overhang minimized. Shaft is supported in selfaligning ball bearings and gears are both 10 pitch, 40 tooth, 20 spur gears. Design of a composite drive shaft and its coupling for automotive application, m.
The drive shaft of transmission system was designed optimally to the specified design requirements the specifications of the drive shaft of an automotive transmission are same as that of the steel drive shaft for optimal design. Warrendale pa 15096 1979 page 323 2 ditto page page 323. Design of a composite drive shaft and its coupling for. Shaft stresses similar approach can be taken with any of the fatigue failure criteria equations are referred to by referencing both the distortion energy method of combining stresses and the fatigue failure locus name.
Design of shaft a shaft is a rotating member usually of circular crosssection solid or hollow, which transmits power and rotational motion. Function description of drive shaft the drive shaft is the mechanical connection between motor drive and onload tapchanger head offcircuit tapchanger head. Failure to do so can result in premature shaft bearing failures whether the belt drive has been designed with the appropriate power capacity or not. Driving and driven shaft centerlines are parallel to each other driving and driven shaft centerlines intersect in both cases. Machine elements such as gears, pulleys sheaves, flywheels, clutches, and sprockets are mounted on the shaft and are used to transmit power from the driving device motor or engine through a. As the automotive drive shaft is a very important component of vehicle. Do not run a w arrangement in plan and a z arrangement in elevation or vice versa at the same time on one shaft. In analysis situation, can either use these customized equations for factor of safety, or can use standard approach from ch. The method to manage acquired measurement data can be used as a basis to set the requirements of the frontwheel driveshafts in order to raise the lifelength as well as lower the cost and weight of the frontwheel driveshafts. This is due to the, at the time, difficulties with using the same shaft for drive and steering, which was needed if frontwheel. Design and analysis of composite drive shaft for rear. Design and analysis of drive shaft by using hybrid composite.
By reciprocity, if the nut were prevented from turning or translating and the screw shaft was. You can see a shaft in almost every machine, which has rotating parts. Tdweversing fatigue torque r lcaring capacity factor be see specifications of driveshafts. The drive shaft of transmission system was designed optimally to the specified design requirements the specifications of the drive shaft of an automotive transmission are same as that of the steel drive.
Mechanics and machine design, equations and calculators. The drive shaft must also be capable of rotating at the very fast speed required by the vehicle. Design and optimization of automobile propeller shaft with. Pdf design and analysis of drive shaft of an automobile. Figure 1 shows an exploded view of a typical motorhub wheel. Present study covers design, analysis and development of driveshaft for automobile applications.
Pdf design and analysis of composite drive shaft editor. The concept of drive shaft design formula is explained in this article with an example shaft design problem. Transmission shaft an overview sciencedirect topics. Select the material to use for a 12inch diameter, six foot long drive shaft used to run a power tool attached to one end of a pole assembly. A shaft is usually designed to perform a specific task in a specific machine. Jul 19, 2017 design of shaft a shaft is a rotating member usually of circular crosssection solid or hollow, which transmits power and rotational motion. Since the primary load carried by the drive shaft is torsion. Iff a screw shaft were fixed, and a nut on it were made to turn, it would move along the screw as the nuts inclined thread planes slide along those of the screw shaft. The tubular design makes the drive shaftstrong and light. Shaft materials, shaft layout, torque transmission, calculating static stresses, dynamic stresses and fatigue, determining critical stress locations, deflection, critical speed. A shaft is a mechanical part that normally has a circular crosssection.
Sep 12, 2018 this feature is not available right now. How to design a drive shaft drive shaft design for a. There may of course be thousands of similar machines produced, each using a shaft of that design, and the manufacturer may provide extra shafts as spare parts, but that shaft design generally has no use outside the machine for which it was designed. The main goal design is to achieve the minimum weight while adjusting the variables. The recommended approach for shaft design and analysis is the distortion energy theory of failure. The tubular design makes the drive shaft strong and light. Shaft stresses for rotating shaft for rotating shaft with steady, alternating bending and torsion bending stress is completely reversed alternating, since a stress element on the surface cycles from equal tension to compression during each rotation torsional stress is steady constant or static previous equations simplify with m m.
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